In the news

Bank of America agrees to pay more than US$16 billion for the sale of risky mortgage-backed securities before the Great Recession. At least 52 people are killed in a series of landslides (damage pictured) in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. The 41st Chess Olympiad concludes with China winning the open section and Russia winning the women's section of the tournament. Mathematicians Artur Ávila, Manjul Bhargava, Martin Hairer, and Maryam Mirzakhani are awarded the Fields Medal; Mirzakhani is its first female recipient. Actor and comedian Robin Williams dies at the age of 63.

On this day

August 26: Heroes' Day/Herero Day in Namibia; Women's Equality Day in the United States

• 1071 – Byzantine–Seljuq Wars: Seljuk Turks led by Alp Arslan captured Byzantine Emperor Romanos IV at the Battle of Manzikert.
• 1346 – Hundred Years' War: English forces established the military supremacy of the English longbow over the French combination of crossbow and armoured knights at the Battle of Crécy (pictured).
• 1768 – HMS Endeavour departed Plymouth, England, marking the start of the first voyage of explorer James Cook.
• 1810 – Juan José Castelli ordered the execution of Santiago de Liniers, during the Argentine War of Independence.
• 1966 – The South African Defence Force launched an attack against SWAPO guerrilla fighters at Omugulugwombashe, starting the Namibian War of Independence.

August 26

 August 26 is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 127 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1071 – Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert.
• 1278 – Ladislaus IV of Hungary and Rudolph I of Germany defeat Premysl Ottokar II of Bohemia in the Battle of Marchfield near Dürnkrut in (then) Moravia.
• 1303 – Ala ud din Khilji captures Chittorgarh.
• 1346 – Hundred Years' War: the military supremacy of the English longbow over the French combination of crossbow and armoured knights is established at the Battle of Crécy.
• 1444 – Battle of St. Jakob an der Birs: A vastly outnumbered force of Swiss Confederates is defeated by the Dauphin Louis (future Louis XI of France) and his army of 'Armagnacs' near Basel.
• 1466 – A conspiracy against Piero di Cosimo de' Medici in Florence, led by Luca Pitti, is discovered.
• 1498 – Michelangelo is commissioned to carve the Pietà.
• 1748 – The first Lutheran denomination in North America, the Pennsylvania Ministerium, is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• 1768 – Captain James Cook sets sail from England on board HMS Endeavour.
• 1778 – The first recorded ascent of Triglav, the highest mountain in Slovenia.
• 1789 – The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen is approved by the National Constituent Assembly of France.
• 1791 – John Fitch is granted a United States patent for the steamboat.

Births

Births

• 1469 – Ferdinand II of Naples (d. 1496)
• 1676 – Robert Walpole, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1745)
• 1694 – Elisha Williams, American minister, politician, and academic (d. 1755)
• 1695 – Marie-Anne-Catherine Quinault, French singer-songwriter (d. 1791)
• 1728 – Johann Heinrich Lambert, Swiss mathematician, physicist, and astronomer (d. 1777)
• 1736 – Jean-Baptiste L. Romé de l'Isle, French mineralogist (d. 1790)
• 1740 – Joseph-Michel Montgolfier, French inventor, invented the hot air balloon (d. 1810)
• 1743 – Antoine Lavoisier, French chemist (d. 1794)
• 1775 – William Joseph Behr, German publicist (d. 1851)
• 1789 – Abbas Mirza, Persian prince (d. 1833)
• 1792 – Manuel Oribe, Uruguayan politician, 4th President of Uruguay (d. 1857)
• 1819 – Albert, Prince Consort of the United Kingdom (d. 1861)
• 1826 – Princess Alexandra of Bavaria (d. 1875)
• 1845 – Mary Ann Nichols, English victim of Jack the Ripper (d. 1888)
• 1854 – Arnold Fothergill, English cricketer (d. 1932)
• 1862 – Herbert Booth, Canadian songwriter and bandleader (d. 1926)
• 1864 – Anna Ulyanova, Russian politician (d. 1935)
• 1865 – Arthur James Arnot, Australian engineer, designed the Spencer Street Power Station (d. 1946)
• 1873 – Lee de Forest, American inventor, invented the Audion tube (d. 1961)
• 1874 – Zona Gale, American author and playwright (d. 1938)
• 1875 – John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir, Scottish-Canadian historian and politician, 15th Governor General of Canada (d. 1940)
• 1880 – Guillaume Apollinaire, Italian-French author, poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1918)
• 1882 – James Franck, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
• 1885 – Jules Romains, French author and poet (d. 1972)
• 1890 – Tommy Andrews, Australian cricketer (d. 1970)
• 1891 – Acharya Chatursen Shastri, Indian author (d. 1960)
• 1894 – Sparky Adams, American baseball player (d. 1989)
• 1896 – Besse Cooper, American super-centenarian (d. 2012)
• 1896 – Ivan Mihailov, Bulgarian politician (d. 1990)
• 1897 – Yun Bo-seon, South Korean politician, 2nd President of South Korea (d. 1990)
• 1898 – Peggy Guggenheim, American art collector (d. 1979)
• 1899 – Rufino Tamayo, Mexican painter (d. 1991)
• 1900 – Hellmuth Walter, German engineer (d. 1980)
• 1901 – Eleanor Dark, Australian author (d. 1985)
• 1901 – Hans Kammler, German engineer and SS officer (d. 1945)
• 1901 – Jimmy Rushing, American singer (Oklahoma City Blue Devils) (d. 1972)
• 1901 – Maxwell D. Taylor, American general and diplomat, United States Ambassador to South Vietnam (d. 1987)
• 1901 – Chen Yi, Chinese general and politician, 2nd Foreign Minister of the People's Republic of China (d. 1972)
• 1903 – Caroline Pafford Miller, American author (d. 1992)
• 1904 – Christopher Isherwood, English-American author (d. 1986)
• 1904 – Joe Hulme, English footballer and cricketer (d. 1991)
• 1906 – Albert Sabin, Polish-American medical researcher, developed the polio vaccine (d. 1993)
• 1907 – Lester Lanin, American bandleader (d. 2004)
• 1908 – Walter Bruno Henning, Prussian-American linguist and scholar (d. 1967)
• 1908 – Bill Hunt, Australian cricketer (d. 1983)
• 1908 – Aubrey Schenck, American screenwriter and producer (d. 1999)
• 1908 – Gilly Flower, English actress (d. 2001)
• 1909 – Eric Davies, South African cricketer (d. 1976)
• 1909 – Jim Davis, American actor (d. 1981)
• 1909 – Gene Moore, American baseball player (d. 1978)
• 1910 – Mother Teresa, Macedonian-Indian missionary, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
• 1911 – Otto Binder, American author and screenwriter (d. 1974)
• 1914 – Julio Cortázar, Belgian-Argentinian author (d. 1984)
• 1919 – Gerard Campbell, American academic (d. 2012)
• 1920 – Brant Parker, American illustrator (d. 2007)
• 1920 – Prem Tinsulanonda, Thai general and politician, 16th Prime Minister of Thailand
• 1921 – Shimshon Amitsur, Israeli mathematician (d. 1994)
• 1921 – Benjamin C. Bradlee, American journalist and publisher
• 1922 – Irving R. Levine, American journalist (d. 2009)
• 1923 – Wolfgang Sawallisch, German pianist and conductor (d. 2013)
• 1924 – Alex Kellner, American baseball player (d. 1996)
• 1925 – Jack Hirshleifer, American economist (d. 2005)

Deaths

Deaths

• 1214 – Patriarch Michael IV of Constantinople
• 1278 – Ottokar II of Bohemia (b. 1233)
• 1346 – Killed in the Battle of Crécy:
  • Charles II, Count of Alençon (b. 1297)
  • Louis I, Count of Flanders (b. 1304)
  • Rudolph, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1320)
  • John of Bohemia (b. 1296)
• 1349 – Thomas Bradwardine, English archbishop, mathematician, and physicist (b. 1290)
• 1462 – Catherine Zaccaria, Despotess of the Morea
• 1551 – Margaret Leijonhufvud, Swedish wife of Gustav I of Sweden (b. 1516)
• 1572 – Petrus Ramus, French logician and philosopher (b. 1515)
• 1595 – António, Prior of Crato (b. 1531)
• 1666 – Frans Hals, Dutch painter (b. 1580)
• 1714 – Edward Fowler, English bishop (b. 1632)
• 1723 – Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Dutch microscopist and biologist (b. 1632)
• 1785 – George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, English soldier and politician, 3rd Secretary of State for the Colonies (b. 1716)
• 1810 – Santiago de Liniers, 1st Count of Buenos Aires, French-Spanish navy officer and politician, 10th Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (b. 1753)
• 1813 – Theodor Körner, German soldier and author (b. 1791)
• 1850 – Louis Philippe I of France (b. 1773)
• 1865 – Johann Franz Encke, German astronomer (b. 1791)
• 1908 – Tony Pastor, American actor, singer, and manager (b. 1837)

August 25

 August 25 is the 237th day of the year (238th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 128 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 357 – Battle of Strasbourg: Julian, Caesar (deputy emperor) and supreme commander of the Roman army in Gaul, wins an important victory against the Alemanni at Strasbourg (Argentoratum).
• 1248 – The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III, the Archbishop of Utrecht.
• 1258 – Regent George Mouzalon and his brothers are killed during a coup headed by the aristocratic faction under, paving the way for its leader, Michael VIII Palaiologos, to ultimately usurp the throne of the Empire of Nicaea.
• 1537 – The Honourable Artillery Company, the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army, and the second most senior, is formed.
• 1580 – Battle of Alcântara. Spain defeats Portugal.
• 1609 – Galileo Galilei demonstrates his first telescope to Venetian lawmakers.
• 1630 – Portuguese forces are defeated by the Kingdom of Kandy at the Battle of Randeniwela in Sri Lanka.
• 1758 – Seven Years' War: Frederick II of Prussia defeats the Russian army at the Battle of Zorndorf.
• 1768 – James Cook begins his first voyage.
• 1825 – Uruguay declares its independence from Brazil.
• 1830 – The Belgian Revolution begins.
• 1835 – The New York Sun perpetrates the Great Moon Hoax.
• 1875 – Captain Matthew Webb became the first person to swim across the English Channel, traveling from Dover, England, to Calais, France, in 22 hours.
• 1883 – France and Viet Nam sign the Treaty of Huế, recognizing a French protectorate over Annam and Tonkin.
• 1894 – Kitasato Shibasaburō discovers the infectious agent of the bubonic plague and publishes his findings in The Lancet.
• 1898 – 700 Greek civilians, 17 British guards and the British Consul of Crete are killed by a Turkish mob in Heraklion, Greece.
• 1912 – The Kuomintang, the Chinese nationalist party, is founded.
• 1914 – World War I: The library of the Catholic University of Leuven is deliberately destroyed by the German Army. Hundreds of thousands of irreplaceable volumes and Gothic and Renaissance manuscripts are lost.
• 1916 – The United States National Park Service is created.
• 1920 – Polish–Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw, which began on August 13, ends with the Red Army's defeat.
• 1921 – The first skirmishes of the Battle of Blair Mountain occur.
• 1933 – The Diexi earthquake strikes Mao County, Sichuan, China and kills 9,000 people.
• 1939 – The United Kingdom and Poland form a military alliance in which the UK promises to defend Poland in case of invasion by a foreign power.
• 1942 – World War II: Battle of Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea.
• 1942 – World War II: second day of the Battle of the Eastern Solomons. A Japanese naval transport convoy headed towards Guadalcanal is turned-back by an Allied air attack, losing one destroyer and one transport sunk, and one light cruiser heavily damaged.
• 1944 – World War II: Paris is liberated by the Allies.
• 1945 – Ten days after World War II ends with Japan announcing its surrender, armed supporters of the Chinese Communist Party kill U.S. intelligence officer John Birch, regarded by some of the American right as the first victim of the Cold War.
• 1948 – The House Un-American Activities Committee holds first-ever televised congressional hearing: "Confrontation Day" between Whittaker Chambers and Alger Hiss.
• 1950 – President Harry Truman orders the U.S. Army to seize control of the nation's railroads to avert a strike.
• 1961 – President Jânio Quadros of Brazil resigns after just seven months in power, initiating a political crisis that culminates in a military coup in 1964.
• 1980 – Zimbabwe joins the United Nations.
• 1981 – Voyager 2 spacecraft makes its closest approach to Saturn
• 1988 – The Chiado area in Lisbon is partially destroyed by a fire.
• 1989 – Voyager 2 spacecraft makes its closest approach to Neptune, the second to last planet in the Solar System at the time.
• 1989 – Mayumi Moriyama becomes Japan's first female cabinet secretary.
• 1991 – Belarus gains its independence from the Soviet Union
• 1991 – The Battle of Vukovar begins. An 87-day siege of a Croatian city by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), supported by various Serbian paramilitary forces, between August–November, during the Croatian War of Independence
• 1991 – Linus Torvalds announces the first version of what will become Linux.
• 1997 – Egon Krenz, the former East German leader, is convicted of a shoot-to-kill policy at the Berlin Wall.
• 2003 – The Tli Cho land claims agreement is signed between the Dogrib First Nations and the Canadian federal government in Rae-Edzo (now called Behchoko).
• 2012 – Voyager 1 spacecraft enters interstellar space becoming the first man-made object to do so.
• 2013 – 6 people die and 22 are injured when a train derails in Huimanguillo, Tabasco, Mexico.

Births

Births

• 1530 – Ivan the Terrible, Russian ruler (d. 1584)
• 1561 – Philippe van Lansberge, Dutch astronomer and mathematician (d. 1632)
• 1624 – François de la Chaise, French priest (d. 1709)
• 1662 – John Leverett the Younger, American lawyer, politician, and academic (d. 1724)
• 1707 – Louis I of Spain (d. 1724)
• 1719 – Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo, French painter (d. 1795)
• 1724 – George Stubbs, English painter (d. 1806)
• 1741 – Karl Friedrich Bahrdt, German theologian and author (d. 1792)
• 1744 – Johann Gottfried Herder, German philosopher, poet, and critic (d. 1803)
• 1758 – Franz Teyber, Austrian organist and composer (d. 1810)
• 1767 – Louis Antoine de Saint-Just, French military leader and politician (d. 1794)
• 1776 – Thomas Bladen Capel, English admiral (d. 1853)
• 1786 – Ludwig I of Bavaria (d. 1868)
• 1796 – James Lick, American carpenter and piano builder (d. 1876)
• 1802 – Nikolaus Lenau, Romaniaian-Austrian poet (d. 1850)
• 1803 – Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias, Brazilian commander (d. 1880)
• 1817 – Marie-Eugénie de Jésus, French nun and saint, founded the Religious of the Assumption (d. 1898)
• 1829 – Carlo Acton, Italian pianist and composer (d. 1909)
• 1836 – Bret Harte, American author and poet (d. 1902)
• 1840 – George C. Magoun, American railroad executive (d. 1893)
• 1841 – Emil Theodor Kocher, Swiss physician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1917)
• 1845 – Ludwig II of Bavaria (d. 1886)
• 1850 – Charles Richet, French physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1935)
• 1867 – James W. Gerard, American lawyer and diplomat (d. 1951)
• 1868 – Nikolaos Levidis, Greek target shooter
• 1869 – Tom Kiely, Irish decathlete (d. 1951)
• 1882 – Seán T. O'Kelly, Irish politician, 2nd President of Ireland (d. 1966)
• 1887 – C. Coomaraswamy, Ceylon civil servant and politician
• 1891 – David Shimoni, Belarusian-Israeli poet (d. 1956)
• 1893 – Henry Trendley Dean, American dentist (d. 1962)
• 1898 – Helmut Hasse, German mathematician (d. 1975)
• 1898 – Arthur Wood, English cricketer (d. 1973)
• 1899 – Paul Herman Buck, American historian and author (d. 1978)
• 1900 – Hans Adolf Krebs, German physician and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)
• 1902 – Stefan Wolpe, German-American composer (d. 1972)
• 1903 – Arpad Elo, Hungarian-American chess player, created the Elo rating system (d. 1992)
• 1905 – Mary Faustina Kowalska, Polish nun, mystic, and saint (d. 1938)
• 1906 – Jim Smith, English cricketer (d. 1979)
• 1909 – Michael Rennie, English actor and producer (d. 1971)
• 1910 – George Cisar, American baseball player (d. 2010)
• 1910 – Ruby Keeler, Canadian-American actress, singer, and dancer (d. 1993)
• 1910 – Dorothea Tanning, American painter, sculptor, and poet (d. 2012)
• 1911 – Vo Nguyen Giap, Vietnamese general and politician, 3rd Minister of Defence for Vietnam (d. 2013)
• 1912 – Erich Honecker, German politician (d. 1994)
• 1913 – Don DeFore, American actor and singer (d. 1993)
• 1913 – Walt Kelly, American illustrator and animator (d. 1973)
• 1915 – Walter Trampler, American viola player and educator (d. 1997)
• 1916 – Van Johnson, American actor and singer (d. 2008)
• 1916 – Frederick Chapman Robbins, American pediatrician and virologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
• 1916 – Saburō Sakai, Japanese pilot and lieutenant (d. 2000)
• 1917 – Mel Ferrer, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2008)
• 1917 – Lisbeth Movin, Danish actress and director (d. 2011)
• 1917 – Lou van Burg, Dutch-German singer and game show host (d. 1986)
• 1918 – Leonard Bernstein, American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1990)
• 1918 – Richard Greene, English actor (d. 1985)
• 1919 – William P. Foster, American bandleader and educator (d. 2010)
• 1919 – George Wallace, American sergeant, lawyer, and politician, 45th Governor of Alabama (d. 1998)
• 1921 – Monty Hall, Canadian-American actor, singer, and game show host
• 1921 – Bryce Mackasey, Canadian politician (d. 1999)
• 1923 – Álvaro Mutis, Colombian-Mexican author and poet (d. 2013)
• 1924 – Zsuzsa Körmöczy, Hungarian tennis player (d. 2006)
• 1921 – Brian Moore, Irish-Canadian author and screenwriter (d. 1999)
• 1923 – Allyre Sirois, Canadian judge (d. 2012)
• 1925 – Thea Astley, Australian author (d. 2004)
• 1925 – Stepas Butautas, Lithuanian basketball player (d. 2001)
• 1927 – Althea Gibson, American tennis player and golfer (d. 2003)
• 1928 – John "Kayo" Dottley, American football player
• 1928 – Darrell Johnson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 2004)
• 1928 – Herbert Kroemer, German-American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1930 – Bruce Allpress, New Zealand actor
• 1930 – Sean Connery, Scottish actor and producer
• 1930 – György Enyedi, Hungarian economist and geographer (d. 2012)
• 1930 – Graham Jarvis, Canadian-American actor (d. 2003)
• 1931 – Hal Fishman, American journalist (d. 2007)
• 1931 – Peter Gilmore, German-English actor (d. 2013)
• 1931 – Regis Philbin, American actor, singer, and television host
• 1933 – Patrick F. McManus, American columnist and author
• 1933 – Wayne Shorter, American saxophonist and composer (Miles Davis Quintet and Weather Report)
• 1933 – Tom Skerritt, American actor and director
• 1933 – István Gaál, Hungarian director and screenwriter (d. 2007)
• 1934 – Lise Bacon, Canadian politician
• 1934 – Eddie Ilarde, Filipino television host and politician
• 1935 – Charles Wright, American poet
• 1936 – Giridharilal Kedia, Indian businessman, founded the Image Institute of Technology & Management (d. 2009)
• 1937 – Virginia Euwer Wolff, American author
• 1938 – David Canary, American actor
• 1938 – Frederick Forsyth, English author
• 1939 – John Badham, English-American director, producer, and actor
• 1940 – José van Dam, Belgian opera singer
• 1941 – Marshall Brickman, Brazilian-American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1941 – Mario Corso, Italian footballer and coach
• 1942 – Nathan Deal, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 82nd Governor of Georgia
• 1942 – Howard Jacobson, English author and journalist
• 1944 – Conrad Black, Canadian historian and author
• 1944 – Jacques Demers, Canadian ice hockey coach and politician
• 1944 – Anthony Heald, American actor
• 1945 – Daniel Hulet, Belgian cartoonist (d. 2011)
• 1945 – Hannah Louise Shearer, American screenwriter and producer
• 1946 – Rollie Fingers, American baseball player
• 1946 – Charles Ghigna, American poet and author
• 1946 – Charlie Sanders, American football player and sportscaster
• 1947 – Michael Kaluta, American author and illustrator
• 1948 – Ledward Kaapana, American singer and guitarist
• 1948 – Nicholas A. Peppas, Greek chemist and biologist
• 1949 – Martin Amis, Welsh author
• 1949 – Rijkman Groenink, Dutch banker
• 1949 – Fariborz Lachini, Iranian-Canadian composer and producer
• 1949 – John Savage, American actor and producer
• 1949 – Gene Simmons, Israeli-American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor, (Kiss and Wicked Lester)
• 1950 – Nugzar Bagration-Gruzinsky, Georgian son of Petre Gruzinsky
• 1950 – Charles Fambrough, American bassist, composer, and producer (d. 2011)
• 1951 – Rob Halford, English singer-songwriter (Judas Priest, 2wo, Halford, and Fight)
• 1951 – Bill Handel, Brazilian-American lawyer and radio host
• 1952 – Vijayakanth, Indian actor and politician
• 1952 – Geoff Downes, English keyboard player, songwriter, and producer (The Buggles, Yes, and Asia)
• 1952 – Duleep Mendis, Sri Lankan cricketer
• 1954 – Elvis Costello, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1955 – John McGeoch, Scottish guitarist (Magazine, Visage, Siouxsie and the Banshees, Public Image Ltd, and The Armoury Show) (d. 2004)
• 1955 – Gerd Müller, German politician
• 1956 – Takeshi Okada, Japanese footballer, coach, and manager
• 1956 – Henri Toivonen, Finnish race car driver (d. 1986)
• 1957 – Sikander Bakht, Pakistani cricketer and sportscaster
• 1957 – Simon McBurney, English actor and director
• 1957 – Frank Serratore, American ice hockey player and coach
• 1958 – Tim Burton, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1958 – Sterling Harwood, American lawyer, author, and academic
• 1958 – Christian LeBlanc, American actor
• 1959 – Ian Falconer, American author and illustrator
• 1959 – Steve Levy, American politician
• 1959 – Lane Smith, American author and illustrator
• 1959 – Ruth Ann Swenson, American soprano
• 1960 – Ashley Crow, American actress
• 1960 – Georg Zellhofer, Austrian footballer and manager
• 1961 – Billy Ray Cyrus, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
• 1962 – Māris Bružiks, Latvian triple jumper
• 1962 – Vivian Campbell, Irish guitarist and songwriter (Def Leppard, Whitesnake, Dio, Thin Lizzy, and Sweet Savage)
• 1962 – Shahid Mahboob, Pakistani cricketer
• 1962 – David Packer, American actor
• 1962 – Michael Zorc, German footballer
• 1963 – Tiina Intelmann, Estonian diplomat
• 1963 – Christine McGlade, Canadian actress and producer
• 1963 – Shock G, American rapper (Digital Underground)
• 1964 – Maxim Kontsevich, Russian-American mathematician
• 1964 – Vasilios Kotronias, Greek chess player
• 1964 – Marti Noxon, American screenwriter and producer
• 1964 – Blair Underwood, American actor, director, and producer
• 1964 – Joanne Whalley, English actress
• 1965 – Cornelius Bennett, American football player
• 1965 – Sanjeev Sharma, Indian cricketer
• 1965 – Mia Zapata, American singer-songwriter (The Gits) (d. 1993)
• 1966 – Albert Belle, American baseball player
• 1966 – Robert Maschio, American actor
• 1966 – Tracy-Ann Oberman, English actress and screenwriter
• 1966 – Derek Sherinian, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer (Planet X, Dream Theater, and Black Country Communion)
• 1967 – Tom Hollander, English actor
• 1967 – Jeff Tweedy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Wilco, Loose Fur, and Uncle Tupelo)
• 1967 – Nobuyuki Hiyama, Japanese voice actor
• 1968 – Rafet El Roman, Turkish singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1968 – Yuri Mitsui, Japanese actress, model and race car driver
• 1968 – Stuart Murdoch, Scottish singer-songwriter (Belle & Sebastian)
• 1968 – Spider One, American singer-songwriter and producer (Powerman 5000)
• 1968 – Rachael Ray, American chef, author, and television host
• 1968 – Takeshi Ueda, Japanese singer-songwriter and bass player (The Mad Capsule Markets)
• 1969 – Cameron Mathison, Canadian actor
• 1969 – Vivek Razdan, Indian cricketer, coach, and sportscaster
• 1969 – Rachel Shelley, English actress
• 1969 – Steve Staley, American voice actor
• 1969 – John Witt, American baseball player and actor
• 1970 – Doug Glanville, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1970 – Debbie Graham, American tennis player
• 1970 – Robert Horry, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1970 – Jo Dee Messina, American singer-songwriter
• 1970 – Claudia Schiffer, German model and fashion designer
• 1970 – Helena Seger, Swedish model and actress
• 1971 – Mike Lockwood, American wrestler (d. 2003)
• 1972 – Marvin Harrison, American football player
• 1972 – Bryan Stoltenberg, American football player (d. 2013)
• 1973 – Fatih Akın, German director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1974 – Dave Luza, Dutch comedian
• 1974 – Eric Millegan, American actor
• 1974 – Pablo Ozuna, Dominican baseball player
• 1975 – Petria Thomas, Australian swimmer
• 1976 – Jensen Atwood, American actor
• 1976 – Damon Jones, American basketball player
• 1976 – Javed Qadeer, Pakistani cricketer and coach
• 1976 – Alexander Skarsgård, Swedish-American actor
• 1977 – Masumi Asano, Japanese voice actress
• 1977 – Sophie Cadieux, Canadian actress
• 1977 – Diego Corrales, American boxer (d. 2007)
• 1977 – Andy McDonald, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1977 – Ramil Safarov, Azerbaijani murderer
• 1977 – Jonathan Togo, American actor
• 1978 – Kel Mitchell, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1978 – Robert Mohr, German rugby player
• 1979 – Marlon Harewood, English footballer
• 1979 – Deanna Nolan, American basketball player
• 1980 – Neal Musser, American baseball player
• 1981 – Rachel Bilson, American actress
• 1981 – Jan-Berrie Burger, Namibian cricketer
• 1981 – Jean-Julien Rojer, Curaçaoan-Dutch tennis player
• 1981 – Clare Oliver, Australian activist (d. 2007)
• 1981 – Camille Pin, French tennis player
• 1983 – James Rossiter, English race car driver
• 1984 – Florian Mohr, German footballer
• 1985 – Hendra Setiawan, Indonesian badminton player
• 1986 – Rona Nishliu, Kosovo-Albanian singer-songwriter
• 1987 – Stacey Farber, Canadian actress
• 1987 – Velimir Jovanović, Serbian footballer
• 1987 – Blake Lively, American actress
• 1987 – Amy Macdonald, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1987 – Logan Morrison, American baseball player
• 1987 – Whitney Stevens, Panamanian-American porn actress
• 1987 – Luka Šulić, Slovenian-Croatian cellist (2Cellos)
• 1987 – Justin Upton, American baseball player
• 1987 – James Wesolowski, Australian footballer
• 1987 – Liu Yifei, Chinese-American actress and singer
• 1988 – Alexandra Burke, English singer-songwriter
• 1988 – Angela Park, Brazilian-American golfer
• 1988 – Ray Quinn, English actor, singer, and dancer
• 1989 – Keegan Joyce, Australian actor
• 1989 – Amber Le Bon, English model
• 1989 – Hiram Mier, Mexican footballer
• 1992 – Miyabi Natsuyaki, Japanese singer and actress (Berryz Kobo, Aa!, and Buono!)
• 1992 – Alex Roots, English singer
• 1994 – Josh Flitter, American actor
• 1997 – Holly Gibbs, English actor
• 1998 – Abraham Mateo, Spanish singer and actor
• 1998 – China Anne McClain, American actress and singer

Deaths

Deaths

• 79 – Pliny the Elder, Roman commander and philosopher (b. 23)
• 383 – Gratian, Roman emperor (b. 359)
• 766 – Constantine Podopagouros and Strategios Podopagouros
• 1192 – Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1142)
• 1270 – Louis IX of France (b. 1214)
• 1282 – Thomas de Cantilupe, English bishop and saint (b. 1218)
• 1330 – James Douglas, Lord of Douglas, Scottish soldier (b. 1286)
• 1482 – Margaret of Anjou (b. 1429)
• 1554 – Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, English politician (b. 1473)
• 1632 – Thomas Dekker, English playwright (b. 1572)
• 1688 – Henry Morgan, Welsh admiral (b. 1635)
• 1699 – Christian V of Denmark (b. 1646)
• 1711 – Edward Villiers, 1st Earl of Jersey, English politician (b. 1656)
• 1742 – Carlos Seixas, Portuguese organist and composer (b. 1704)
• 1774 – Niccolò Jommelli, Italian composer (b. 1714)
• 1776 – David Hume, Scottish historian and philosopher (b. 1711)
• 1794 – Florimond Claude, Comte de Mercy-Argenteau, Belgian-Austrian diplomat (b. 1727)
• 1798 – Mikiel'Ang Grima, Maltese surgeon (b. 1729)
• 1819 – James Watt, Scottish engineer (b. 1736)
• 1822 – William Herschel, German-English astronomer and composer (b. 1738)
• 1867 – Michael Faraday, English physicist and chemist (b. 1791)
• 1882 – Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald, Estonian physician and author (b. 1803)
• 1886 – Zinovios Valvis, Greek politician, 35th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1791)
• 1900 – Friedrich Nietzsche, German philologist, philosopher, and critic (b. 1844)
• 1904 – Henri Fantin-Latour, French painter (b. 1836)
• 1908 – Henri Becquerel, French physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
• 1921 – Nikolay Gumilev, Russian poet and critic (b. 1886)
• 1924 – Mariano Álvarez, Filipino general and politician (b. 1818)
• 1925 – Count Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Austrian field marshal (b. 1852)
• 1930 – Frankie Campbell, American boxer (b. 1904)
• 1938 – Aleksandr Kuprin, Russian writer (b. 1870)
• 1938 – Johannes van Dijk, Dutch rower (b. 1868)
• 1939 – Babe Siebert, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1904)
• 1940 – Prince Jean, Duke of Guise (b. 1874)
• 1942 – Prince George, Duke of Kent (b. 1902)
• 1945 – John Birch, Indian-American military officer and missionary (b. 1918)
• 1950 – Earl Caddock, American wrestler (b. 1888)
• 1956 – Alfred Kinsey, American biologist (b. 1894)
• 1965 – Moonlight Graham, American baseball player (b. 1879)
• 1967 – Stanley Bruce, Australian lawyer and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1883)
• 1967 – Paul Muni, Ukrainian-American actor and singer (b. 1895)
• 1967 – George Lincoln Rockwell, American commander, politician, and activist, founded the American Nazi Party (b. 1918)
• 1968 – Stan McCabe, Australian cricketer (b. 1910)
• 1970 – Tachū Naitō, Japanese architect and engineer, designed the Tokyo Tower (b. 1886)
• 1971 – Ted Lewis, American singer and clarinet player (b. 1890)
• 1973 – Dezső Pattantyús-Ábrahám, Hungarian lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1875)
• 1976 – Eyvind Johnson, Swedish author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1900)
• 1977 – Károly Kós, Hungarian architect, ethnologist, and politician (b. 1883)
• 1979 – Stan Kenton, American pianist, composer, and bandleader (b. 1911)
• 1980 – Gower Champion, American actor, director, and choreographer (b. 1919)
• 1981 – Nassos Kedrakas, Greek actor (b. 1915)
• 1984 – Truman Capote, American author (b. 1924)
• 1984 – Viktor Chukarin, Ukrainian gymnast (b. 1921)
• 1984 – Waite Hoyt, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1899)
• 1985 – Samantha Smith, American actress and activist (b. 1972)
• 1988 – Art Rooney, American businessman, founded the Pittsburgh Steelers (b. 1901)
• 1990 – Morley Callaghan, Canadian author and playwright (b. 1903)
• 1995 – Doug Stegmeyer, American bass player (b. 1951)
• 1997 – Camilla Spira, German actress (b. 1906)
• 1998 – Lewis F. Powell, Jr., American jurist (b. 1907)
• 1999 – Rob Fisher, English keyboard player and songwriter (Naked Eyes and Climie Fisher) (b. 1956)
• 2000 – Carl Barks, American illustrator and author (b. 1901)
• 2000 – Frederick C. Bock, American pilot (b. 1918)
• 2000 – Jack Nitzsche, American pianist, composer, and producer (The Wrecking Crew and Crazy Horse) (b. 1937)
• 2000 – Allen Woody, American bass player and songwriter (The Allman Brothers Band and Gov't Mule) (b. 1955)
• 2001 – Aaliyah, American singer, dancer, and actress (b. 1979)
• 2001 – Carl Brewer, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1938)
• 2001 – Philippe Léotard, French actor and singer (b. 1940)
• 2001 – Ken Tyrrell, English race car driver (b. 1924)
• 2002 – Giannis Gionakis, Greek actor (b. 1922)
• 2002 – Dorothy Hewett, Australian author and poet (b. 1923)
• 2003 – Tom Feelings, American author and illustrator (b. 1933)
• 2005 – Peter Glotz, Czech-German politician (b. 1939)
• 2005 – Moondog King, Canadian wrestler (b. 1949)
• 2006 – Noor Hassanali, Trinidadian-Tobagonian lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Trinidad and Tobago (b. 1918)
• 2007 – Benjamin Aaron, American lawyer and scholar (b. 1915)
• 2007 – Ray Jones, English footballer (b. 1988)
• 2008 – Kevin Duckworth, American basketball player (b. 1964)
• 2008 – Pavle Kozjek, Slovenian mountaineer and photographer (b. 1959)
• 2009 – Ted Kennedy, American soldier, lawyer, and politician (b. 1932)
• 2009 – Mandé Sidibé, Malian politician, Prime Minister of Mali (b. 1940)
• 2010 – Esther Earl, American activist and vlogger (b. 1994)
• 2012 – Florencio Amarilla, Paraguayan footballer, coach, and actor (b. 1935)
• 2012 – Neil Armstrong, American pilot, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Aurélio Granada Escudeiro, Portuguese bishop (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Vesna Girardi-Jurkić, Croatian archeologist (b. 1944)
• 2012 – Roberto González Barrera, Mexican businessman (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Donald Gorrie, Scottish politician (b. 1933)
• 2012 – Angkarn Kalayanapong, Thai poet and painter (b. 1926)
• 2012 – V. K. Lakshmanan, Indian politician (b. 1932)
• 2012 – Pontus Schultz, Swedish journalist (b. 1972)
• 2013 – Ciril Bergles, Slovene poet (b. 1934)
• 2013 – António Borges, Portuguese economist and banker (b. 1949)
• 2013 – William Froug, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1922)
• 2013 – Bobby Hoff, American poker player (b. 1939)
• 2013 – Liu Fuzhi, Chinese politician, 3rd Minister of Justice for China (b. 1917)
• 2013 – Bill Nilsson, Swedish motocross racer (b. 1932)
• 2013 – Raghunath Panigrahi, Indian singer (b. 1932)
• 2013 – Gylmar dos Santos Neves, Brazilian footballer (b. 1930)